Giorgi Meladze More than three decades after independence, Georgia continues to confront a persistent paradox of rule of law reform. In recent years, as concerns about democratic decline and institutional backsliding have intensified, this paradox has acquired renewed significance. Despite repeated constitutional amendments, extensive judicial restructuring, and sustained alignment with European legal standards, courts have struggled to function as independent institutions. E

Isabelle DeSisto Valentina [1] was born in exile in Krasnoyarsk, the second-largest city in Siberia, to an ethnic German father and a Moldovan mother, both of whom had been deported from their homes under the orders of Josef Stalin. Valentina returned to Moldova – then the Moldovan Soviet Socialist Republic (MSSR) – in the 1960s. Because of her background, she was not allowed to study law at university. Nevertheless, she told me in our interview, “I received a good education

Donald Morard In 1965, the French Communist journal Démocratie Nouvelle,  in its special issue on the “young, advanced republic” of Estonia, described the occupied Baltic country as a “laboratory” for the future of the Soviet economy. In an article titled “Un Domaine d’experimentation Economique” (“A space for economic experimentation”), Estonia was presented as an ideal space for the Soviet government to test new forms and methods of economic management to later be scaled up